Energy Communities in Serbia and Europe: A Comparative Analysis of Regulatory Frameworks

Abstract

The energy transition involves a careful shift away from conventional energy production, guided by principles of equity and fairness. In this context, energy communities have emerged as a new model, enabling citizens and local communities to play a crucial role in driving energy change. This paper analyses the regulatory frameworks that govern the functioning of energy communities in Denmark, the Netherlands, and Serbia. The goal is to identify key similarities and differences in the legislative approaches of these countries, highlighting factors that encourage or hinder the development of energy communities. The paper examines how European regulations are adapted into national frameworks, with a particular focus on aligning Serbia’s legal system with European practices. Also, based on examples of best practices, the paper offers recommendations to enhance citizen participation in the energy transition process.